A Series of Searchable Texts on
Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of
the
World
compiled
by Robert J.
Blakemore 1
General
editors: Drs Masamichi T. Ito2, Nobuhiro Kaneko2
1COE Fellow, 2Soil
Ecology Research Group, Graduate
School of Environment & Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,
79-7 Tokiwadai, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan. 1Corresponding
author: robblakemore"at-mark"bigpond.com
"The
importance of taxonomy is clearly recognized by the majority of
scientists and
without reliable taxonomy, ecological studies are irrelevant."
Dominguez,
J. et al. (2005) Pedobiologia (Vol.
49: 82).
In
response to the ‘Biodiversity
Crisis’ and the ‘Taxonomic
Impediment’,
the aim of this publication is to make available, online, information
about
ecology and taxonomy of diverse groups of megadrile earthworms,
information
that is currently scattered, outdated, or otherwise unavailable. This
goal
complements those advocated by groups such as BioNet, CBD (GTI),
Diversitas, GBIF, IUCN/SSG,
Wikispecies, ZipcodeZoo and Zoobank. Presentation is a series of discrete
chapters in various formats as originally prepared. Several species
checklists
(partially annotated) provide an invaluable resource for young
researchers
needing to construct comprehensive faunal lists for a region, for
managers or
concerned scientists wishing to research answers to simple questions,
such as:
"What
is the
correct and current name of this species?"
"How's
our
regional biodiversity?"
“Can
I add yet
another new species name to this group without a full inventory?”
Unfortunately,
the present 'chaotic' state of consensus at almost each taxonomic rank
is a disservice
resulting in frequent discrepancies for the same data/taxa in different
places
depending upon author's preference, the age or accessibility of
publication.
The current work, then, is merely a foundation, or a springboard if you
wish,
from which to enhance our current and common knowledge. Data can be
revised and
expanded as more reliable and solid information accrues. Any comments,
contributions, or improvements on the chapters would be appreciated,
and
hopefully these can be incorporated in periodic (annual?) and public
updates.
With concerted effort, inventories of species diversity for all regions
may be imminently
achievable. If desired, the Chapter Headings below can be used as
citations,
but first I urge you to read Licence Agreements both here and here.
RJB
Yokohama,
March, 2007
This
Online Supplement enhances the
original CD publications by Blakemore (2005, 2006a,b)* which,
however,
still hold priority for new taxonomic names and changes in those
document and
reviewed herein.
In compliance with ICZN (1999: Article 8) for official publication,
identical
versions of the original CD: Blakemore (2005) June, 2005, were lodged
at least
at the institutions listed below; those bolded received the 2nd
Edition CD: Blakemore (2006a) in March, 2006, and those underlined
received the
CD Supplement to this: Blakemore (2006b) in August, 2006:-
ABRS
Canberra,
ACT; Museum of Natural History, London; Library of
Congress, and
Smithsonian Institute, Washington DC; Te Papa Tongarewa Wellington,
NZ; Yokohama
National University Library, Japan; Stockholm Museum of Natural
History; The Australian Museum, Sydney; Queen Victoria Museum,
Launceston; Hungarian
Academy of Sciences
Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest,
and in addition to South Africa & Natal Museum,
Pietermaritzburg; Jagiellonian
University, Krakow and South Australian Museum, Adelaide.
Copies
are also
sent to Zoological Record, BIOSIS,
UK.
*
Suggested citation of the various
Chapter headings in:
Blakemore,
R.J.
(2005). A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity,
Ecology and
Systematics from Various Regions of the World.
Eds.: N. Kaneko & M.T. Ito. COE Soil Ecology Research
Group, Yokohama National University, Japan. CD-ROM. [30th June, 2005].
Online: http://bio-eco.eis.ynu.ac.jp/eng/database/earthworm/.
Blakemore,
R.J.
(2006a). A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity,
Ecology and
Systematics from Various Regions of the World
–
2nd Edition (2006). Eds.:
N. Kaneko & M.T. Ito. COE Soil Ecology
Research Group, Yokohama National University, Japan. CD-ROM. [30th
March,
2006].
Blakemore,
R.J.
(2006b). A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity,
Ecology and
Systematics from Various Regions of the World - 2nd
Edition
Supplement.
Eds.:
N. Kaneko & M.T. Ito. COE Soil
Ecology Research Group, Yokohama National University, Japan. CD-ROM [31st
August, 2006]. Online: http://bio-eco.eis.ynu.ac.jp/eng/database/earthworm/.
Or
combined in short
form as...
Blakemore,
R.J.
(2006). A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity,
Ecology and
Systematics from Various Regions of the World – 2nd Edition and
Supplement
(2006). General Eds.: N. Kaneko
& M.T. Ito. COE Soil Ecology Research Group, Yokohama National
University,
Japan. CD-ROM Publication. Online: http://bio-eco.eis.ynu.ac.jp/eng/database/earthworm/
[Today's Date].
Regions
covered shown
on MAP
(plus all Asiatic pheretimoids, all holarctic Lumbricids and
neotropical
Exxids also listed).
Any
corrections,
suggestions, constructive comments and correspondences on the works
included in
this Series may be accommodated with a link online here:
Table
of Contents
(Chapter Headings):
1. R.J.
Blakemore (1994) “Earthworms of south-east Queensland and their
agronomic
potential in brigalow soils” Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of
Queensland, 10th March, 1994. Pp. 605 + 80 figures. With description
of >75 spp and
reports of laboratory and glasshouse screening trials of 30 of these
with two
medium-scale field experiments using a dozen candidate species. [Original
copies lodged in libraries of UQ, Brisbane, and CSIRO Division of
Soils,
Adelaide. Some colour photographs/tables did not copy over and
WordPerfect
pagination has changed slightly during conversion. The thesis research
and
report were completed in three years and one of the three referees
commented
that half the amount of work would have sufficed. It yet provides the
most
comprehensive guide to both native and exotic species in Australia,
however, as
the taxonomy is now mostly superseded, please embargo unpublished
species names
& seek more recent information and publications].
2. R.J. Blakemore
(1995a).
Author's curatorial register of specimens lodged in ANIC, Canberra – as
compiled while a Visiting Research Scientist there in 1994/5.
3. R.J. Blakemore
(1995b). The
use of earthworms for bioconversion of sewage sludge and municipal
waste - a
synopsis of relevant literature.
Unpublished report commissioned by the ACT Dept. of Urban
Services,
Canberra, Australia. Pp. 15.
4. R.J.
Blakemore
(1999). Diversity of exotic earthworms in Australia - a status report.
In: The
Other 99%. The Conservation and Biodiversity of Invertebrates.
Eds. Winston Ponder and Daniel Lunney, June 1999. Transactions of the Royal Zoological Society of New South
Wales,
Mosman, Australia. Pp. 182-187. [Printable Pdf version
or
downloadable MS
Word version]
5. R.J.
Blakemore (2000). "Ecology of Earthworms under the ‘Haughley
Experiment’
of Organic
and Conventional Management Regimes". BAH, 18(2):
141-159. [Derived from author's BSc Hons.
thesis at
Westminster Uni., London in 1980/1]. [Printable
Pdf version or downloadable MS Word version]. {Some
additional information on
Lady Eve Balfour's Haughley Experiment here}.
6.
R.J. Blakemore (2000). Presentations at the
"Vermillennium"
conference held in Kalamazoo, Michigan, September 16-22, 2000:
(ア)
Vermicology
I – Ecological considerations of the earthworms used in
vermiculture – a
review of the species.
(イ)
Vermicology
II – The potential, products and problems of vermiculture.
(ウ)
"Dances
with worms" - Biology, ecology, taxonomy and vermicomposting.
7.
Contents
of "Tasmanian Earthworms"
Blakemore (2000).
8. Contents of " Cosmopolitan Earthworms" 1st
and 2nd
Editions,
Blakemore (2002, 2006).
9.
Revised Key to Earthworm Families of the World and Review of Criodrilidae and Octochaetidae.
10. A list of
valid, invalid and synonymous names of Criodriloidea and Lumbricoidea
(Annelida: Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae, Sparganophilidae,
Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Lumbricidae, Lutodrilidae).
11. A
revised checklist of Family Exxidae Blakemore, 2000 (Annelida :
Oligochaeta).
12. An updated
checklist of pheretimoids (eg. Pheretima auct. eg. Amynthas,
Metaphire, Pheretima, Polypheretima, etc.) after
Blakemore
(2004, 2005).
13. A
review of
Japanese earthworms after Blakemore
(2003), a checklist and an Excel key.
14. A checklist of
Chilean earthworms after Sielfeld (2002)
and Zicsi (2004).
15. A
review of
Tasmanian earthworms after Blakemore (2000)
(cover).
15a. Complementary
DELTA computer guide to Tasmanian Species (Beta).
15b.
Details of Hypolimnus pedderensis - extinct under IUCN's
Red List.
15c.
Appendix: Earthworms from Tasmanian Wilderness WHA.
15d. Two-headed
Tasmanian
(an earthworm regenerating second head) -
as published here.
15e.
First "Common Earthworm" recorded from Australia (Tasmania) - as
published
here.
15f. Complete list of Tasmanian type specimens and museum
materials
examined.
16.
Checklist of earthworms of Britain and Ireland after Sims & Gerard
(1999).
17.
Review of Southern Ocean, South Atlantic and Subantarctic species after
Lee
(1994).
18.
Review of Pacific/Oceania earthworms updated from Easton (1984) and Lee
(1981).
19.
Checklist of USSR/Russian Federation taxa updated from Perel (1979,
1997).
20.
Checklist of
Myanmar taxa updated from Gates' (1972) "Burmese Earthworms".
21.
A review of New Zealand earthworms after Lee (1959).
22.
Checklist
of Thailand taxa updated from Gates' (1939) "Thai Earthworms".
23. A
definitive
checklist of Australian earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta:
Moniligastridae,
Ocnerodrilidae, Acanthodrilidae, Octochaetidae, Benhamiinae, Exxidae?,
Megascolecidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Eudrilidae).
24. Checklist of Taiwan
earthworms after Blakemore et al. 2006.
25.
Checklist of New Guinea earthworms (original).
26.
North American (USA & Canada) earthworms north of the Rio Grande
(original).
27.
Preliminary checklist of Amazonian earthworms (original).
28. Preliminary
checklist of Korean earthworms (original).
29.
Tables of Hawaiian and Puerto Rican earthworm species (original).
30. Summary
of Diversity and Ecology of Subantarctic Macquarie Island Oligochaeta.
31.
R.J. Blakemore
(2000a). New species of the earthworm genus Anisochaeta
from New South Wales. Records
of the Australian Museum. 52(1): 1-40. [Original
paper, withdrawn and republished by Blakemore
(2006b)].
32.
R.J. Blakemore
(2000b). Native earthworms (Oligochaeta) from southeastern Australia,
with the
description of fifteen new species. Records of the Australian Museum. 52(2):
187-222. [Original
paper, withdrawn and republished by Blakemore
(2006b)
with map printable here].
33.
R.J. Blakemore (2001). Finding Fletcher’s Giant Worms – from Burrawang
to
Budderoo. Eucryphia
54:
5-6 (July, 2001).
34.
List of
earthworms from Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam (Excel spreadsheet)
compiled by
R.J. Blakemore with help from Dr Nguyen Duc Anh, Tran Triet and Khamla
Inkhavilay.
35. List of Indonesian
earthworms by Blakemore, R.J. with help from Hari Nugroho.
36. Earthworms of
Tamil Nadu, south India with help from Palanisamy Kathireswari.
37. List of Argentinean
earthworms by Blakemore, R.J. with help from Dr Catalina de Mischis.
38.
WormGrowers' Association Presentation - microbes and
(vermi-)composting,
(original).
39. VERMALCHEMY
ecological economics and taxonomy of vermicomposting - summary of EPA
presentation by R. J. Blakemore (March, 2001).
40. Indian and Sri
Lankan earthworms (Excel spreadsheet) compiled by R.J. Blakemore with
some
advice from Dr J. M. Julka via Dr. B.K. Senapati.
41. Chinese earthworms
(Excel spreadsheet) compiled by R.J. Blakemore with help from Dr Jian
Huang and
Drs Jian-Ping Qiu and Wei-Xin Zhang.
42.
Malaysian (and Singapore) earthworms compiled by R.J. Blakemore.
43. Earthworms
from
Greenland and Iceland compiled by R.J. Blakemore.
44. Galapagos Islands Earthworms
compiled
by R.J. Blakemore.
45. Mexican Earthworms compiled by
R.J.
Blakemore with help from Drs G. Brown and C. Fragoso.
46. Cuban Earthworms compiled by
R.J.
Blakemore after Rodriguez (2004).
47. Scandinavian earthworms (original).
48.
Summary of YNU COE earthworm project (2003-2007) by R.J. Blakemore and pdf.
49.
Glossary of Earthworm terms modified (from Blakemore, 2002).
50.
Michaelsen, W. (1900) Das Tierreich. 10: Vermes, Oligochaeta. Friedländer & Sohn, Berlin. Pp. XXIX+575, figs. 1-13. [Copyright expired
after 100+ years - planned scan forthcoming].
Acknowledgements
Partial
funding and support for the present
publication, but not all the initial work, was by the 21st Century COE
(Centre-Of-Excellence)
Program "Environmental Risk Management for Bio/Eco-Systems" of
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of
Japan
under auspices of YNU, Yokohama. Dr
Takafumi Kamitani of YNU is thanked for help exorcising my Japanese
computer
possessed by an Oni, and Yuko Hiramoto of Sakuragicho has assisted in
various
ways.
